Pheasant-Tailed Jacana
Scientific Name: Hydrophasianus chirurgus
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: The Pheasant-tailed Jacana is the only jacana to have a separate breeding plumage, when it is a conspicuous and unmistakable bird. It is the longest species in the jacana family when the tail streamers are included.
Breeding adults are chocolate-brown upperparts contrasting with white wings panel, upper-wing is white and black tip. White head, chin, throat and lower neck. Black patch on the nape, extending down to the neck sides which are golden-yellow. The hind neck is golden. There is a striking white eye-stripe. The legs and very long toes are grey.
Non-breeding adults tail is much shorter. The upperparts are paler, greenish-brown. Crown and hindneck are blackish. The underparts are white except for a brown breast band and neck stripe. The side of the neck is golden.
Food: Insects and other invertebrates, picked from the floating vegetation or the water's surface. They also take frogs and fish.
Habitat: It is found on small to large lakes having sufficient floating vegetation on them.
Distribution: Resident breeder in tropical India, Southeast Asia, and Indonesia.
Purple Swamphen
Bengali: বেগুনি কালেম
Scientific Name: Porphyrio poliocephalus
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: It has silky purple-blue plumage with metallic gloss on throat and breast, contrasting with the white undertail coverts. It has heavy red bill and frontal shield and pinkish-red legs and feet with long toes. The tail is flicked up and down.
Food: They take soft shoots of reeds and rushes and small animals, such as frogs and snails.
Habitat: Inhabitant of marshy, vegetated freshwater bodies such as swamps, rivers, and lakes.
Distribution: It is found in Middle East, through the Indian subcontinent to southern China and northern Thailand.
Barn Swallow
Bengali: মেঠো আবাবিল
Scientific Name: Hirundo rustica
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: It has a steel-blue head and above, with an orange-buff breast and belly. It has a rufous forehead, chin and throat, which are separated from the off-white underparts by a broad dark blue breast band. It has a long, slender, deeply forked tail. There is a line of white spots across the outer end of the upper tail. Females are slightly duller and shorter-tailed than males.
Food: The barn swallow is an insectivore. It only eats insects. Grasshoppers, beetles, moths, and other flying insects.
Habitat: It can be found in farmlands, suburbs, marshes and lakeshores.
Distribution: It is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.
Little Grebe
Bengali: ডুবুরি
Scientific Name: Tachybaptus ruficollis
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: The little grebe is a small, brown grebe, with a fluffy, round-looking bottom and predominantly dark above with its rich, rufous colour neck, cheeks and flanks, and bright yellow gape.
Food: Their diet consists of insects, small fish, mollusks, crustaceans, and amphibians.
Habitat: Inhabits a wide range of small and shallow wetlands usually less than 1 m depth with rich vegetation.
Distribution: Widely distributed in heavily vegetated areas of freshwater lakes across Europe, much of Asia down to New Guinea, and most of Africa.
Common Kingfisher
Bengali: ছোট মাছরাঙা
Scientific Name: Alcedo atthis
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: This sparrow-sized bird has the typical short-tailed, large-headed kingfisher profile. It has bright metallic-blue upperparts including head, back is cobalt color and one can see greenish reflections on the head and wings. Orange ear-coverts and underparts, the chin and sides of neck are white. A long blackish bill and reddish orange at the base. Legs are bright red.
Food: The Common kingfisher is carnivore and mainly eats fish and small crustaceans, such as prawns and crabs. It also catches insects in flight.
Habitat: In temperate regions, this kingfisher inhabits clear, slow-flowing streams and rivers, and lakes with well-vegetated banks.
Distribution: Widely distributed over Europe, Asia, and North Africa, mainly south of 60°N.
Stork-Billed Kingfisher
Bengali: মেঘহও মাছরাঙা / গুরিয়াল
Scientific Name: Pelargopsis capensis
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: It has huge red bill. have a greenish-blue back, blue wings and tail, and a grey to brown crown and head. The neck and underparts are orange-yellow coloured and coral red small legs.
Food: mostly marine and freshwater fish
Habitat: Stork-billed Kingfisher is a species of a variety of well-wooded habitats near lakes, rivers or coasts and mangroves.
Distribution: widely but sparsely distributed in the tropical Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India to Indonesia.
White-Throated Kingfisher or White-Breasted Kingfisher
Bengali: সাদা বুক মাছরাঙা / ধলাগলা মাছরাঙা
Scientific Name: Halcyon smyrnensis
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: Thick, reddish-orange bills, red legs, and its head, shoulders, flanks and lower belly are chestnut. A brilliant white patch can be found on the throat and sometimes at the breast. The wings and the tail are bright blue with white patches on the primaries and black distal tips. In flight, large white patches are visible on the blue and black wings.
Food: This species are carnivorous, mainly hunts large crustaceans, insects, earthworms, rodents, snakes, fish and frogs. Predation of small birds such as the Oriental White-eye, chick of a sparrows and munias have been reported.
Habitat: They are common in agricultural areas, swamps, marshes, near ponds, lakes, in parklands and in mangrove swamps.
Distribution: Widely distributed in Asia from the Sinai east through the Indian subcontinent to the Philippines.
Red-Crested Pochard
Bengali: লালঝুঁটি ভুতিহাঁস
Scientific Name: Netta rufina
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: Large, square orange head, red bill and black breast. The flanks are white, the back brown, and the tail black. The female is mainly a pale brown, with a darker back and crown and a whitish face. Eclipse males are like females but with red iris and bills.
Food: They are omnivores, and they take aquatic vegetation supplemented by aquatic invertebrates, amphibians, small fishes.
Habitat: Breeding habitat is lowland marshes and lakes. They also inhabit deep fresh or brackish water bodies. They occur in reed-fringed lakes, rivers, lagoons, estuaries, rivers, streams and sheltered coastal habitats.
Distribution: Scattered across North Africa, Europe, and Asia.
Ruff
Bengali: গেওয়ালা বাটান
Scientific Name: Calidris pugnax
IUCN: Least Concern
Description: It is a medium sized wading bird with long neck, lack prominent supercilium, small head, short and slightly downcurved bill, strongly patterned back, white sides to upper tail coverts, white lower back absent. Long yellowish and orange legs.
Food: They are omnivores, and they feed on both invertebrates and seeds or berries. They eat flies, frogs, small fish, beetles, snails, spiders, worms, and more.
Habitat: During the breeding season they utilize marshes and flooded grasslands or meadows. They also inhabit scrubland, wetlands, and estuaries or deltas. These birds also live in flooded pastures and farms, and one of their favorite habitats are rice paddies.
Distribution: It breeds in marshes and wet meadows across northern Eurasia. This highly gregarious sandpiper is migratory and sometimes forms huge flocks in its winter grounds, which include southern and western Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australia.
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